Inspiration to Action COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY - SIPA Admissions Blog

Inspiration to Action COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY - SIPA Admissions Blog There is an expression you might have heard, March comes in like a lion and goes out like a lamb.   Well for me, it was the reverse March certainly went out like a lion for me.   I was spread in a couple of different directions and found it hard to keep up over the last few weeks.   I am not complaining though, far from it, I would not trade my experience for anything. SIPA applicants are a truly exceptional group of people.   I must admit that sometimes I find myself in awe as I read resumes and personal statements.   It is inspiring to see the commitment level our applicants display.   Each year when I review applications I find myself energized about the next generation of leaders who will formulate policies that will impact domestic and international relations. The inspiration from reading applications, mixed with some old fashioned networking, led my wife and I on a recent trip to New Orleans to help rebuild the home of a Police Officer who lost her home in Hurricane Katrina.   A friend of a friend just happens to be the CNN Hero of the Year for 2008.   Liz McCartney went to New Orleans after Katrina to help out and what she saw inspired her to move there and start the St. Bernard Project.   The organization is dedicated to helping those in St. Bernard Parish who lost their homes rebuild. One of the main reasons I felt inspired to post this entry is that the St. Bernard Project is expanding and has paid internship positions.   Many applicants will ask me what kind of work they can do to help improve their application to SIPA.   There is no one right answer, but if you are interested in public policy this certainly would be a great opportunity.   You can find more information about positions on the St. Bernard Web site. Below in the center, holding the piece of dry wall signed by everyone, is the owner of the home.   We ended up working with a group of undergraduate students from Ohio State who spent their spring break volunteering.   Also involved were a father and daughter from Washington, D.C.

Comparison of News Reports Essays - 1113 Words

Comparison of News Reports The idea of this assignment is to compare and contrast two newspaper reports on the same incident. The articles concerned are taken from The Mirror and The Times, both published on the 4th of February 1998. The Mirror is considered a tabloid newspaper. Tabloid papers usually cover all national and international news. They often contain more scandalous, gossipy stories or personal news items. The Times is considered a broadsheet newspaper. These are the largest type of newspaper and cover all national and international news in a serious, informative way. The basic story found in both articles is that a US Marine Fighter Jet sliced through a cable car wire in†¦show more content†¦The Times article is also split into 4 columns, but only has one headline. It reads - 20 die in cable car after jets cut wire. This heading is neutral and blames the accident on no one, yet from the words used in The Mirror; I can see that because they use the word killed, they are implying that it is somebodys fault. The positioning of the headlines is again different in each paper. In The Mirror, it is to the top left-hand corner, above a picture and in a bold font. In The Times it is found beneath a picture, approximately a third of the way down the page and is in a relatively small font. The use of photographs and images differs in each paper only slightly. The Mirror has two photographs and so does The Times. I would say that the photos take up more space in The Times article, which would not normally be expected in a broadsheet newspaper. The Mirror includes a very simple diagram detailing the facts of the accident whereas The Times includes a map diagram detailing the position of the accident. In The Mirror article I would say that the headline catches the readers attention first, whereas in The Times article it would be the large photograph to the top of the page. In The Mirror article the general tone of the article is expressing empathy with the Italians and resentment towards, and an apportioning of the blame, to the Americans.Show MoreRelatedComparison of News Reports Essay656 Words   |  3 PagesComparison of News Reports On Thursday 22nd April 2004, Ron Atkinson, manager and footballing legend, was overheard making a racist remark concerning player Marcel Desailly- the black Chelsea defender during the Chelsea-Monaco Champion’s League semi-final. The story received colossal press coverage from all of the newspapers, mainly because Atkinson is famous for coaching so many black players. I have studies two newspapers’ accounts of the same story. One paper Read MoreComparison and Analysis of Different News Report on Same-Sex Marriage Legalization in New Zealand3385 Words   |  14 PagesGOVT 6156 Governance and Civil Society Student Name: Yip Tsz Kit UID: 430054929 Assignment 3: Content Analysis Research Report 1. Introduction 1.1 Topic: Same Sex Marriage Homosexuality and lesbian and gay civil rights was the dominated by negativity in Western societies before the 1990s (Loftus, 2001). In Australia, bias and discrimination against gay has progressively decreased over time (Kelly, 2001). Issues related to gay and lesbian rights have been increasingly prominent. Despite the recedingRead MoreDoes Autism Spectrum Disorder Affect A Person s Understanding Of The Environment1307 Words   |  6 Pagesfunctioning in regards to their social skills, expressive and receptive communication, and repetitive or stereotyped behaviors and interests (Cullinan, Pennington and Southern). Having analyzed both â€Å"Scientists link 60 genes to autism risk † a mass media report and â€Å"Synaptic, transcriptional and chromatin genes disrupted in autism† a scholarly scientific article, it is noticeable that they have very different rhetorical situations even when having the same exigency - the genes that may cause risk to theRead MoreComprehensive Annual Financial Report Briefing1032 Words   |  5 PagesComprehensive Annual Financial Report Briefing Abstract The City of Detroit, founded in 1701, and incorporated in 1806, is in Wayne County, State of Michigan. Detroit is on an international waterway, which connects by means of the St. Lawrence Seaway to seaports around the world. Existing as the largest city in the State of Michigan, Detroit is notorious for its tradition in automotive and is a colloquialism for the automobile industry in the United States. Detroit is also known for its popularRead MoreXero Limited Swot Analysis Bac1483 Words   |  6 PagesXero Limited. Fundamental Company Report Including Financial, SWOT, Competitors and Industry Analysis Phone: +44 20 8123 2220 Fax: +44 207 900 3970 office@marketpublishers.com https://marketpublishers.com Phone: +44 20 8123 2220 https://marketpublishers.com Xero Limited. Fundamental Company Report Including Financial, SWOT, Competitors and Industry Analysis Date: Pages: Price: ID: August 1, 2015 50 US$ 499.00 X2531BAD6F0BEN Xero Limited. Fundamental Company Report provides a complete overview ofRead MoreEssay On Fall Prevention760 Words   |  4 Pages and current practice. Also, the utilization of the National Database of Nursing Quality Indicators (NDNQI) was completed for the external benchmarks. Also, completion of the national comparison of patient falls in other facilities. Also, internal benchmarks were utilized within the organization for the comparison different population risks, patient acuity levels, on different clinical units, which proved to be a motivator in the end results. Therefore, three different clinical units were utilizedRead MoreMichael Hill International Report Including Financial, Swot, Competitors and Industry Analysis1553 Words   |  7 PagesMichael Hill International Ltd. Fundamental Company Report Including Financial, SWOT, Competitors and Industry Analysis Phone: +44 20 8123 2220 Fax: +44 207 900 3970 office@marketpublishers.com https://marketpublishers.com Phone: +44 20 8123 2220 https://marketpublishers.com Michael Hill International Ltd. Fundamental Company Report Including Financial, SWOT, Competitors and Industry Analysis Date: Pages: Price: ID: May 1, 2016 76 US$ 499.00 M987B2B5E8ABEN MichaelRead MoreCrime Data Comparison1129 Words   |  4 PagesCrime Data Comparison Crime Data Comparison [Writers Name] [Institutes Name] Abstract This paper is about the crime data comparison particularly on the offense of burglary in two different metropolitan regions of the United States. The increasing rate of the burglary offense in association with the number of occurrences reported is also discussed. In addition, the factors that are affecting to the crime rate in such areas have also come under discussion. Crime Data Comparison As the worldRead MoreQuestions On Consumers Choice Report800 Words   |  4 Pages Consumers Choice Report Year 9 Commerce Annaliese Pigott Teacher: Mr Hume Table of Contents Introduction†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.3 Product characteristics†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..3 Brand comparison†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..4 Stocklists†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦5 Recommendation†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦6 Conclusion†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.6 Bibliography†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.7 Introduction: This report will be investigating between 3 printers of 3Read MoreCan Nokia Bounce Back?1632 Words   |  7 PagesCan Nokia Bounce Back? Section 1: Introduction This report will investigate the current business situation communications giant Nokia are facing due to their plummet in business stature. It will provide analysis through Porters Five Forces and Internal Analysis into how the former communications giant can recover. Section 2: Company Context Nokia is global company based in Espoo, Finland. It was divided into three main departments Nokia Technologies, Nokia Networks and until September 2013

Is Raymond Williams A Modern Culture - 1621 Words

‘Culture’ can be a difficult term to define as many different people have different ideas of what the definition should be Raymond Williams (1983) calls culture ‘one of the two or three most complicated words in the English language’, the oxford dictionary defines culture as ‘the arts and other manifestations of human intellectual achievement regarded collectively’. Whereas Williams believes there are three vague definitions. The first is referring to culture as ‘a general process of intellectual, spiritual and aesthetic development’, the second use could be to suggest ‘a particular way of life, whether of a people, a period or a group’ and finally ‘culture’ could be used to refer to ‘the works and practices of intellectual and especially artistic activity’. This leads to the definition of popular culture which is the entirety of arts that is within the mainstream of the 20th and 21st century and is heavily influenced by mass media. Most people refer to the second and third of Williams’ definitions of ‘culture’ when linking it to ‘popular culture’. In the past the term was linked to those of the lower classes, high classes would enjoy poetry, opera, literary novels and ‘arthouse’ films, whereas the lower classes would enjoy romance novels, soap operas, reality tv, musicals etc. This could mean that popular culture merely refers to the things that didn’t make it or were left out from what people believed was high culture. ‘Popular’ refers to something has gained popularityShow MoreRelatedThe Culture Industry By Adorno And Horkheimer And The Magic System1625 Words   |  7 Pagessocio-economic culture. The interaction of individuals and the relation to the hegemonic societ y has created this new grouping of the public; to be consumer culture. The socio-economic structure thrives in capitalism and has evolved society, culturally. A new way of living has evolved and ultimately altered and shaped the public to be heavily influenced by capitalism. The two-works affected and focused around this topic are; The Culture Industry by Adorno and Horkheimer and The Magic System by Raymond WilliamsRead MoreThe Evolution Of Advertising : The Magic System1416 Words   |  6 Pagesgeneration and entice the material desires of their users. Advertising was not always this way however, and in his essay â€Å"Advertising: The magic system† Raymond Williams introduces the evolution of the modern advertising industry. Williams provides a critical insight into how modern advertising has become structured and ingrained in modern culture, this insight allows us to evaluate the effects of advertising on film and television as well as the daily impact of advertising on our social media drivenRead MoreThe Tempest By William Shakespeare1603 Words   |  7 Pagesand Prospero’s pursuit of dominance and revenge over Antonio and Alonso inevitably brings him misery. However, Prospero’s unhappiness eventually leads to an acknowledgement of his faults and an emergence of a moral transformation best described by Raymond Williams’s essay: Dominant, Residual, and Emergent. In act I scene i of The Tempest, the plays protagonist, Prospero, initiates a powerful storm (tempest) beginning a motif of control in the play and demonstrating his dominance and authority to theRead MoreThe Marketing And Advertising Industry Essay1276 Words   |  6 Pagescertain products, change their viewpoints and even develop new cultures. I too was curious on how this industry became so large and if spending over 200 billion dollars a year had a positive impact on consumer brand awareness. What is the history of Marketing and Advertising how has marketing and advertising changed over time and what trends will stay the same or what new ways will be developed in the future. Through Raymond Williams article Advertising, the Magic System as well as researching differentRead MoreHousehold Design of the 1950s2407 Words   |  10 Pageswares of a vigorous, efficient society with an aggressive faith in its future. Flashy exaggeration at the hands of the stylists, ever compelled to ‘improve’ on last year’s model, gave streamlining a bad name.† (Hodges, Coad, Stone, Sparke, Aldersey-Williams, The New Design Source Book, 1992, p.158) Discuss in relationship to the ‘innovation’ in household designs of the 1950’s, how do these designs compare to similar examples of today? Do designers today feel â€Å"compelled to improve on last years modelRead MoreAnalysis Of Matthew Arnold s Culture And Anarchy785 Words   |  4 Pagesterms that were discussed during the first half of this semester. Culture, hegemony and ideology must be part of any study of popular culture. With the evidence pulled from our readings, this essay will define these terms and insert them into the context of understanding popular culture as a whole. Culture: In Matthew Arnold’s â€Å"Culture and Anarchy,† there is little discussion about the word culture. Instead, he describes culture as striving for perfection in a world without it. Without a clearRead MoreThe Study Of Culture By Arnold, M., Raymond William And Attach Them With The Book1665 Words   |  7 PagesThe study of â€Å"culture† is one of the most important and relevant topics for today and even a long time ago. People have different views on culture, some mean literature, architecture, visual art, other claim word ‘ culture’ as a way of living, language or religion. Every epoch culture acquires new forms and impact on society. For instance, in the century of computer technology and opportunities to grasp new realities society is more likely to interact with science, figures and new outer limitsRead MoreEssay about Technology and Literacy1668 Words   |  7 Pages] What wonder if this historical process, a textual process, has wedded so many scholars to the conviction that these are â€Å"literary† works in the fullest modern sense of the term, composed by â€Å"authors† who must themselves have been â€Å"writers.† (20) However, Havelock concludes that Homer and Hesiod were not writers, at least not in the modern sense of the word. Instead, both give the Muse credit for their compositions because they â€Å"mediate[d] between the Muse, whoever she [was], and the audienceRead MorePersonal Views On Anthropology And Ethnography1445 Words   |  6 Pageslittle experience with other groups or peoples until I got older and began to travel. I love travelling, and, as I have visited numerous states, Canada, Mexico, the Bahamas, and Europe, my understanding has grown immensely. My love for history and culture has only expanded and it grew easier to see things without the moral outline I had when I was younger to compare against. Post-modernism, a cultural phenomenon occurring before my birth, set in motion a series of adjustments in cultural anthropologyRead More Definition Essay - The True Meaning of Hegemony585 Words   |  3 PagesHegemony - The True Meaning Hegemony was derived from the Greek word egemonia, meaning leader or ruler, often in the sense of a state other than his own (Williams 144).   Although the base of this definition remains true, the word has evolved to much more.   Hegemony is defined by Fontana Dictionary of Modern Thought as Political and economical control exercised by a dominant class, and its success in projecting its own way of seeing the world, human and social relationships as common

Strategic Planning and Google Free Essays

Google is able to achieve the perfect combination of Business, Organizational and IS strategies. Its business strategy focuses on delivering superior technology solutions coupled with a work environment that encourages innovation. Google’s IS strategy involves building state of the art applications, networks and security architecture that facilitate the flow of information throughout the organization. We will write a custom essay sample on Strategic Planning and Google or any similar topic only for you Order Now Google is able to balance all three aspects of the IS triangle and as a result has dominated the online search and advertising market. 1. How is Google’s mission statement related to its business strategy? Google’s primary goal is to organize the world’s information and make it universally accessible and useful (mission statement). Its Business Strategy is to create applications that provide value to wide variety to consumers. By creating these applications, Google is able to provide on-demand access to huge volumes of information to consumers. 2. How does Google’s information systems strategy support its business strategy? As part of its IS strategy Google has built an IT infrastructure that allows data sharing across the organization. Google also favors the use of open source software and internally developed tools to drive innovation and collaboration. Google also allows employees to choose applications according to their preferences and business needs. Google also implements network level security that allows users to maintain freedom of communication. 3. How does Google’s organizational strategy support its business strategy? Google has created a modern organization structure that encourages creative thinking instead of rigid corporate structures. Employees are encouraged to take a day from a week to explore their ideas. Google also tends to implement projects with definite goals and deadlines to ensure accountability and performance. Its work culture encourages risk taking and timely decision making. Google’s organizational strategy tends to concentrate on practical applications of its products instead of the traditional corporate focus on controlling costs. 4. Which of Porter’s three generic strategies does Google appear to be using based on this case? Provide a rationale for your response. In my opinion, among Porters three generic Strategies, Focus is more relevant to Google. Online advertising has remained as the prime target for Google’s products. With its Android mobile products Google has applied the concepts of Differentiation focus to set itself apart from its competitors. Google has steadily maintained its status as a powerhouse by focusing on mobile and online search and advertising. 5. Using D’Aveni’s Hypercompetitive Framework, analyze Google’s strategy and the type of market disruption it has created. Google was quick to realize that its leadership in online search engine market would come under intense fire from its competitors. Google has moved rapidly to develop and acquire emerging technology to constantly fill its pipeline with more exciting products. Google has become the largest mobile operating system vendor and has partnered with a large number of device makers to launch cutting-edge products. Google has focused on pushing the envelope on cloud based computing and in one of the leading vendors of cloud based applications and services. How to cite Strategic Planning and Google, Essay examples

Marketing Management of Nestle Company †Free Samples for Students

Question: Discuss about the Marketing Management Nestle Company. Answer: Introduction It is a company that engages in production and manufacture of food and non-alcoholic beverages that have zero calories content in them. The company is based in Vevey, Vaud, Switzerland. It had been formed in 1905 by the merger of the Anglo-Swiss Milk Company, established in 1886 by brothers George and Charles Page (Alvarez, Pilbeam, Wilding, 2010). The company does provide drinks with different flavors just like the other sodas that are in the market. The main aim of these drinks according to the company is to meet the needs of the people who have decided to adopt healthy lifestyles so as to avoid the high-calorie content drinks to expand their lifetime. Nestles Company Mission Statement Each and every organization always has a mission that it has set that will enable it to fulfill the various targets. When the organization or company has established a mission, it will be able to work hard for it to accomplish the mission it has been able to set. The company has always set its mission that it always wants to meet for the benefit of its customers and for the company to be able to earn more profit and develop (Alvarez, Pilbeam, Wilding, 2010). The mission statement of the company is to ensure that it provides sophisticated and inviting diet soft drinks that do not mislay the authenticity of the people health habits (Albaum, Albaum, Duerr, 2008). The company is determined to make sure that it meet the various needs of their customers through the provision of high-quality products, to ensure that they are satisfied and also provide a high level of professionalism. Also, the companies aim at making a difference and guarantee the creation of value as a company(Day, 2011) . This is the major mission that the company is focusing on which it has always set that brings in the workers and the employers together for them to work towards achieving that set mission. Strengths and weaknesses The company has a significant strengths that enable it produce more drinks to the customers. The diet of the drink is in high demand making the organization to deliver more drinks. The other strength that the company has is that the team members have great entrepreneurial skills that make them interact with the consumers efficiently and thus gets to know their needs (Jankovic, 2012). One of the weaknesses that the company has is that the level of competition is very high in the beverages industry. This makes the organization face a challenge of producing and maintain zero calories soft drinks. The other threat the company is facing is from Coca-Cola and Pepsi Companies that are already well established in the market(Kapferer, 2012). The 5Cs of Nestle Company Competitors Companies such as Coca-Cola and Pepsi are the main competitors in the industry. The company is using different types of fruits to make the drinks of different flavors instead of the chemicals that are utilized by the various competitors to ensure that the beverages are calorie free (Meldrum, Ashbridge, SA, 2010). The organization is more concerned with the health of the consumers as they would want the customers to take in more natural contents rather than take the chemical content of the body. Risk Analysis of Nestle Company Every individual in his/her life always has to face a risk for them to be able to be successful. These risks always tend to make people to become more confident and also to be strong in the activities that they are carrying out. This also applies to the various organizations or companies that are operating on different types of products (Morschett, Schramm-Klein, Zentes, 2015). Various organizations face different risks that hinder them in the proper completion of their functions. The company also faces some risks that it is trying to manage. There are three major types of risks that the company faces; they include compliance, finance and also the competitive risk. Compliance risks require the organization to comply with the various rules and regulations that have been set by the government. The company has been able to curb it by ensuring that it meets the necessary laws as well as the regulations that apply to it. In financial risk, the organizations always have to spend on the various activities that they are carrying out so that it may be able to make its production successful (Ngetich, 2010). The company manages all the cash that flows in and out of it in an efficient manner to avoid the deficits in the company. In competitive risk, various organizations always face competition from the different companies that are operating from the same products or even different products. The organization has been using better strategies to compete better than the other organizations. Various policies have enabled the company know how to beat their competitors in different ways so that it may be able to be progress more than its other companies. Overview of Nestles Distribution Channels After each and every company has been able to produce its products and they are finished, the company will have to distribute its products to the customers. The company has managed to develop a proper channel that enables it to reach out to the customers who keep on buying from the company (Alvarez, Pilbeam, Wilding, 2010). collaborators The distribution used by the company is mostly indirect. The company at uses the intermediaries who are the wholesalers and the retailers respectively who sells the products to the various customers. After the manufacturing of the Nestle drinks, the company distributes them to the wholesalers who then sell them to the retailers. The retailers are the ones who usually get in touch with the customers one on one after they have received the products from the company, and they sell to them. The company offers refrigerators to all the retailers to ensure that they can sell cold drinks to the customers during summer and also to make the soft drinks into good condition without spoiling. Climate The climate of Nestle Company is usually influenced by the external environment. Some of the external environmental influences on the company include; the political issues such as instability in some of the countries it operates in; social issues like satisfying the customers; technological issues where the company has to adopt the latest technology in running of its operations; economic issues where the company may experience budgeting depending on where they operate from and finally the legal and environmental issues like the use of green resources and the legal requirements that the company must adhere to. Company The company uses the SWOT analysis framework to gauge its operations. Through the framework, the company is now able to align itself with the many opportunities that are available in the market while at the same time ensuring that its weaknesses are not exposed to any possible threats. Customer Analysis Nestle company focuses on delivering the best quality products to its customers around the world. The company conducts a customer analysis value to enable it identify what exactly their customers want and value. It does this by assessing its own performance against its main competitors in terms of attributes. Customers Each and every organization always has a target market that it would always want to impress. This is to make the company be able to earn more profit and to be able to develop well than the other companies and to compete well (Karunakaran, 2008). The company understands that there are different ages of individual, people coming from a different race, different education level and also have different financial status. This makes the company care for the people on how they will be able to purchase the beverage products. This makes the organization be able to bring in more customers to the organization as the company is more concern about the people and it does not choose which type of clients to serve (Kotler Armstrong, 2010). Therefore the organization does not have a primary target, but it targets all the people. Companys market competition In the business environment, competition plays a critical role because it has a direct effect on the ability of such an establishment to be successful or not in the market(Ludwig Nestle, 2008). The company has been experiencing competition from various companies like that also manufacture the non-alcoholic drinks and alcoholic beverages. The major competition that the company is facing is from Coke, Pepsi, and Gatorade (Kumar, Noida, Gangal, Singh, 2011). These companies have for a long time been producing non-alcoholic beverages to many people across the globe. Nestles Strategic Position The primary objective of Nestle Company is to ensure that it remains the leading diet beverage in the United States and across the world as a whole. The company has come up with a strategic position that aims at ensuring that the soft drinks are made with the high quality and healthy ingredients and also that the drinks are dietitian directed to make sure that they meet the health needs of the people (Mason Lalwani, 2008). Nestles Company target consumers are the people who are looking forward to taking healthy drinks and have zero calories content as they are more concern with their health to avoid any form of a disease. The market can be said to be strong because the United States as one of the developing countries has a high number of people who are obese. The company states that when an individual takes the non-alcoholic beverage, he/she is in a position to manage their weight. Sales Strategy The company has developed a strategy to sell its products. In the modern world, many people are engaging mostly with the media, both the youth and the old (Payaud, 2014). This has been an advantage to the company as it easily markets its products to the people. The organization uses the social media such as Facebook to build its brand. This tool has been useful to the company because many people in the modern society use the Internet and have accounts with social networks like Facebook and Twitter. This is a sale strategy that the organization does implement and reaches out to many customers. The company has people who monitor the activities on the social media platforms(Steel, 2010). They are responsible for responding to any inquiries that are raised through the social media platforms. The other strategy the company has been using is print media. The company uses this to enable the people who are not able to have the social media accounts that make them be informed of the products that the company is producing (Peck, Christopher, Clark, Payne, 2013). Strategic Financial Planning Techniques/context Each and every organization always has a financial plan that will enable it to be successful. The organization always has a better plan that makes it be able to manage its operation that it is being carried out. This is the plan that the company uses for it to perform its functions therefore enabling it to develop and also earn more profit and also to bring in more customers. Trends in the Non-Alcoholic Beverage Industry In the world today, the non-alcoholic beverage industries are producing more sugary drinks and juices to the customers as various people would go for them since they have the sugary content in them. Nestle Company is more concerned with the health of the people as the company is aware of the various diseases that are affecting the individuals in different regions across the globe (Shapiro, 2008). The company has come up with the various kinds of flavors so as to attract more customers(Smith, 2012). The beverages act as an excellent source of hydration; it enables the company to meet the needs of individuals who prefer these flavors instead of having plain water to drink(Rowley, 2002). Budgeting The company is using budgeting as its most basic form of analyzing its finances for a better strategic management. The company conducts its budget variance analysis so that it can know where the previous budgets were inaccurate and the reason for the inaccuracy. This helps the company to make the necessary changes where deemed possible especially that cause adverse budget outcomes (Karunakaran, 2008). Marketing Mix of the Company Pricing Analysis The company conducts a pricing analysis of its products. The company always projects the effects of increasing or decreasing the price of its products in the market. This helps the company to create better pricing strategies like selling at a low price hence generating higher volume sales or selling at higher prices that might result in low selling volume of the products (Kotler Armstrong, 2010). The analysis helps the company to be able to determine the effect of these strategies on its gross profits. Performance Analysis Performance analysis is very critical to the company especially when the company considers buying another company or shutting any of its branches. The company does review its performance in the market before it makes any decision. The management does not only seek to know its profitability performance, but it also looks at the financial effects on the whole of Nestls Company (Kapferer, 2012). This makes the company expand and have a better chance of having more customers buying from them Place Nestle Company understands very well the importance of distribution and placement of its non-alcoholic beverages as it is also part of its product mix. The company has put in place strategies to ensure that it positions and distributes its products where its potential customers can easily access them (Meldrum, Ashbridge, SA, 2010). The company deeply understands its customer through the business intelligence analytics of what its customers really need. Through the understanding of its clients, the company has now discovered the most effective distribution and positioning channels that will help it speak directly to its market. Some of the strategies the company employs include; exclusive, selective, intensive and franchising distribution. Promotion The company is well aware of the importance of promotion as one of the best components when it comes tomarketing of its products. Promotion has helped the company to boost its sales and additionally its brand recognition. Some of the elements of promotion include; public relations, sales promotion, sales organization and advertising (Peck, Christopher, Clark, Payne, 2013). The company has heavily invested in advertising through the use of social media platforms, print media, television advertisements and the internet advertisements. The company also uses public relations to promote its products. References Albaum, G.S., Albaum, G. and Duerr, E., 2008.International marketing and export management. Pearson Education. Alvarez, G., Pilbeam, C. and Wilding, R., 2010. Nestl Nespresso AAA sustainable quality program: an investigation into the governance dynamics in a multi-stakeholder supply chain network.Supply Chain Management: An International Journal,15(2), pp.165-182. Day, G.S., 2011. Closing themarketing capabilities gap.Journal of marketing,75(4), pp.183-195. Jankovic, M., 2012. Integrated Marketing Communications and Brand Identity Development.Management (1820-0222), (63). Kapferer, J.N., 2012.The new strategic brand management: Advanced insights and strategic thinking. Kogan page publishers. Karunakaran, K., 2008.Marketing management. Himalaya Publishing House. Kotler, P. and Armstrong, G., 2010.Principles of marketing. pearson education. Kumar, d.n., noida, g., gangal, d.v.k. and singh, k., 2011. Advertising and consumer buying behaviour: a study with special reference to nestle ltd.Chief patron chief patron. Ludwig, D.S. and Nestle, M., 2008. Can the food industry play a constructive role in the obesity epidemic?.Jama,300(15), pp.1808-1811. Mason, R. and Lalwani, C., 2008. Mass customized distribution.International Journal of Production Economics,114(1), pp.71-83. Meldrum, J. and Ashbridge, J., Societe des Produits Nestle SA, 2010.Beverage dispenser. U.S. Patent D608,131. Morschett, D., Schramm-Klein, H. and Zentes, J., 2015.Strategic international management. Springer. Ngetich, L.S., 2010.Strategic responses to competitive environmental conditions in the beverage industry in Kenya: a case study of Nestle (K) Ltd(Doctoral dissertation, University of Nairobi, Kenya). Payaud, M.A., 2014. Marketing strategies at the bottom of the pyramid: Examples from Nestl, Danone, and Procter Gamble.Global Business and Organizational Excellence,33(2), pp.51-63. Peck, H., Christopher, M., Clark, M. and Payne, A., 2013.Relationship marketing. Taylor Francis. Rowley, J., 2002. Synergy and strategy in e-business.Marketing Intelligence Planning,20(4), pp.215-222. Shapiro, A.C., 2008.Multinational financial management. John Wiley Sons. Smith, E., 2012. Corporate image and public health: an analysis of the Philip Morris, Kraft, and Nestle websites.Journal of health communication,17(5), pp.582-600. Steel, E., 2010. Nestl takes a beating on social-media sites.The Wall Street Journal,29

Feral Children free essay sample

A feral child is a human child who has lived isolated from human contact from a very young age. A feral child has little to no experience of human care, loving or social behavior, and of human language. Some feral children have been abandoned by people, usually their own parents, and in some cases this child abandonment was due to the parents’ rejection of a child’s severe intellectual or physical impairment. Feral children may have experienced severe child abuse or trauma before being abandoned or running away. Feral children are sometimes the subjects of folklore and legends, typically portrayed as having been brought up by animals. Myths, legends, and fictional stories have depicted feral children raised by wild animals such as wolves, apes, and bears. A few examples of this would be Tarzan or Mowgli from Jungle Book. Legendary and fictional feral children are often portrayed as growing up with relatively normal human intelligence and skills and an innate sense of culture or civilization, and survival instincts; their union into human society is made to seem relatively easy, however this is not the case. We will write a custom essay sample on Feral Children or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Feral children tend to lack the basic social skills that are normally learned in the process of development. For example, they may be unable to learn to use a toilet, have trouble learning to walk upright after walking on fours all their life, and display a complete lack of interest in the human activity around them due to not learning these things in the critical time of learning. They often seem mentally impaired and have almost unconquerable trouble learning a human language. The impaired ability to learn a formal language after having been isolated for so many years is often attributed to the existence of a critical period for language learning, and taken as evidence in favor of the critical period hypothesis. The mythical children are often depicted as having superior strength, intelligence and morals compared to â€Å"normal† humans, the implication being that because of their upbringing they represent humanity in a pure and uncorrupted state: similar to the noble savage. There is little scientific knowledge about feral children. One of the best-known examples, the â€Å"detailed diaries† of Reverend Singh, who claimed to have discovered Amala and Kamala (two girls who had been â€Å"brought up from birth by wolves†) in a forest in India, has been proven a fraud to obtain funds for his orphanage. Child psychologist Bruno Bettelheim states that Amala and Kamala were born mentally and physically disabled.

Study on E-Commerce Essays

Study on E-Commerce Essays Study on E-Commerce Essay Study on E-Commerce Essay Prospects of E-Commerce in India Shweta Sharma, Sugandha Mittal Management Department, Swami Devi Dayal Institute of Engineering and Technology, Barwala, Haryana, India Abstract E-Commerce has unleashed yet another revolution, which is changing the way businesses buy and sell products and services. . E-commerce stands for electronic commerce and pertains to trading in goods and services through the electronic medium. India is showing tremendous growth in the Ecommerce. The low cost of the PC and the growing use of the Internet is one of reasons for that. There is a growing awareness among the business community in India about the opportunities offered by eCommerce. The future does look very bright for ecommerce in India with even the stock exchanges coming online providing a online stock portfolio and status with a fifteen minute delay in prices. . In the next 3 to 5 years, India will have 30 to 70 million Internet users which will equal, if not surpass, many of the developed countries. 4800 crore online market in 2007-08. The travel portal MakeMyTrip. com has attained Rs 1000 crores of turnovers which are around 20% of total e-commerce market in India. Further an annual growth of 65% has been anticipated annually in the travel portals alone. 3. Growth of e-commerce During the year 2000-2001, two major Industry Associations produced separate reports on e-commerce in India. One was prepared by the National Committee on ECommerce set up the Confederation of Indian Industry (CII), while the other was commissioned by the NASSCOM and prepared by the Boston Consulting Group. Both the reports are optimistic about the growth of e-commerce in India. The Confederation of Indian Industry (CII) report estimates the volume of e-commerce to grow to Rs 500 billion (US$ 10. billion) in the year 2003. The NASSCOM-BCG Report, on the other hand, estimates for the same year that the total volume of ecommerce will be Rs 1,950 billion (US$ 41. 5 billion). Amul, a milk cooperative, is successfully using ecommerce to deepen its brand loyalty. Likewise, corporate in the automotive sector are improving their customer relations through this medium. Some of th e new names that are rediscovering e-commerce through new portals at relatively low capital cost, without venture capital funding include: Key 2 crorepati, Music Absolute, Gate 2 Biz. The low cost of the PC and the growing use of he Internet has shown the tremendous growth of Ecommerce in India, in the recent years. According to the Indian Ecommerce Report released by Internet and Mobile Association of India (IAMAI) and IMRB International, â€Å" The total online transactions in India was Rs. 7080 crores (approx $1. 75 billion) in the year 20062007 and expected to grow by 30% to touch 9210 crores (approx $2. 15 billion) by the year 2007-2008. According to a McKinsey-Nasscom report the e-commerce transactions in India are expected to reach $100 billion by the 2008. Although, as compared to the western countries, India is still in is its initial stage of development. E-Marketer forecasts that online sales will more than double by reaching $168. 7 billion in 2011. market share is moving toward Australia, India and especially China. China’s share of regional B2C e-commerce will grow more than threefold from 4. 1% in 2006 to 14. 3% by 2011. At the low end, South Korea’s B2C e-commerce sales 1. Introduction As a symbol of globalization and in many ways its leading feature, e-commerce represents the cutting edge of success in this digital age. E-commerce stands for electronic commerce and pertains to trading in goods and services through the electronic medium, i. e. the Internet or phone. On the Internet, it pertains to a website, which sells products or services directly from the site using a shopping cart or shopping basket system and allows credit card payments. It involves conducting business with the help of the electronic media, making use of the information technology such as Electronic Data Interchange (EDI). In simple words, Electronic commerce involves buying and selling of goods and services over the World Wide Web. Customers can purchase anything right from a car or a cake sitting comfortably in his room and gift it to someone sitting miles apart just by click of a mouse. 2. Scope of e-commerce India is showing tremendous growth in the Ecommerce. Rival tradeindia. com has 700,000 registered buyers and it has the growth rate of 35% every year which is likely to double in the year 2010. Indiamart. com claims revenues of Rs. 38 crores and has a growing rate of 50 every year. It receives around 500,000 enquiries per month. Undoubtedly, with the middle class of 288 million people, online shopping shows unlimited potential in India. The real estate costs are touching the sky. The travel portals share in the online business contributed to 50% of Rs will grow by 13. 3% over the same period. Between 2006 and 2011, the aggregate CAGR for the five countries will be 23. 3%. E-commerce in these markets will have come of age when consumers start buying more expensive, high-touch categories such as apparel, home furnishings and jewelry. 4. Status of e-commerce in India Today E-commerce is a byword in Indian society and it has become an integral part of our daily life. There are websites providing any number of goods and services. Then there are those, which provide a specific product along with its allied services Multi-product e-commerce- These Indian E-commerce portals provide goods and services in a variety of categories. To name a few: Apparel and accessories for men and women, Health and beauty products , Books and magazines, Computers and peripherals, Vehicles, Software, Consumer electronics, Household appliances, Jewelry, Audio/video, entertainment, goods, Gift articles, Real estate and services Single-product e-commerce Some Indian portals/websites deal in a specialized field, for example: 1) Automobiles- On these sites we can buy and sell fourwheelers and two-wheelers, new as well as used vehicles, online. Some of the services they provide are: Car research and reviews, Online evaluation, Technical specifications, Vehicle Insurance, Vehicle Finance. ) Stocks and shares and e-commerce- In India today, we can even deal in stocks and shares through e-commerce. Some of the services offered to registered members are: Online buying/selling of stocks and shares, Market analysis and research, Company information, Comparison of companies, Research on Equity and Mutual Funds. 3) Real estate and e-commerce - They provide information on new properties as well as properties for resale. One can deal directly with developer through consultant. Allied services: Housing Finance, Insurance companies, Architects Interior Designers, NRI services, Packers Movers. ) Travel tourism and e-commerce- India has a rich history and heritage and e-commerce is instrumental, to a large extent, in selling India as a product, encouraging Indians as well as foreigners to see its multifaceted culture and beauty. The tourist destination sites are categorized according to themes like: Adventure trekking, mountain climbing etc, Eco-Themes pertains to jungles, flora and fauna. 5) Gifts and e-commerce- In the bygone days, one had to plan what to gift a loved one, trudge across to your favorite shop, and browse for hours before purchasing a gift. The gifts are categorized as: Collectibles like paintings and sculptures, Luxury items like leather goods, perfumes, jewelry boxes, etc, household curios and carpets, etc, Toys games, Chocolates, Flowers, Woodcraft metal-craft. Fig. 1 sales of selected countries in Asia Pacific Online travel is the largest e-commerce sales category in most major countries. For the same group of five countries, plus New Zealand, online leisure and unmanaged business travel sales totaled about $17. 7 billion in 2007 and are forecast to rise to $41. 7 billion by 2011. E-Marketer forecasts that from 2006 to 2011 online travel sales will grow at a 24. % annual rate, higher than the 23. 3% rate for B2C e-commerce. This indicates that travel is one of the key drivers of e-commerce sales in the APAC region. Fig. 2 Graph of sales in selected countries In China and India, online-travel spending drives B2C ecommerce sales, and it accounts for a majority of total sales. Consumers are less wary of buying servic es like train or airline tickets online, and sellers can avoid the logistics and delivery problems associated with physical goods. Jeffrey Grau, senior analyst at e Marketer, said that such preferences underscore how e-commerce in the region has a vast amount of growth ahead. ) Hobbies and e-commerce- The most popular hobbies from time immemorial are reading, music and films. The books cover a wide range of topics like Business, Art, Cookery, Engineering, Children’s Stories, Health, Medicine, Biographies, Horror, Home Garden, etc. 7) Matrimony and E- commerce- It is said that marriages are made in heaven, but in the world of E-commerce they are made on marriage portals One can search for a suitable match on their websites by region of residence (India or abroad), religion or caste. Allied services for registered members: Astrological services, Information on Customs and Rituals, Legal issues, Health Beauty, Fashion Style, Wedding Planners. 8) Employment and e-commerce- Two major portals like www. Monsterindia. com and www. naukri. com (meaning job. com in Hindi) are instrumental in providing job seekers with suitable employment at the click of a mouse. The service for job seekers is free and for Employers they charge a nominal fee. Jobs are available online in fields ranging from secretarial to software development, and from real estate to education. 5. Facilitators in Chennai, Lucknow and will shortly set up offices in Delhi, Mumbai, Kathmandu, Bhopal. 2) Candid Info: This Indian E-commerce company is based in New Delhi. It is a renowned Offshore Outsource Web designing development e-commerce Company. It offers off shore web development, designing, and SEO solutions for large corporations and SMEs. 3) Chenab Information Technologies Private Limited: This E-commerce company in India comprises of web enabled business and web bases services, airline and security systems by using the internet technologies and tools of the state of the art. The company has three Software Development centers in Mumbai and the overseas branch office in New York. It is the first software company across the globe to get the certification of ISO 9001:2000. 4) Euro link Systems Limited: This leading E-commerce company provides consulting and e-business solutions, FlexTCA Systems, Trillium Protocol services to the global community. The company has its office in England, U. S, Switzerland, and India with about 200 employee strength. 5) HashPro Technologies: It offers e-business and traditional analysis, development, implementation, design and strategic planning. It is a leader in the provider of integrated talent management software organization in India. It is key technology consulting provider. It renders services like the E-commerce Hosting, Internet Marketing and Human Resources. The e-Workforce initiative of the company will enable the company to become a 100 percent e-Corporation. 6) Compare Info Base: The company is leading provider of e-commerce portals and IT solutions. The company manages about 1500 websites and portals with 4000 domain names. It has web presence in Maps, SoftwareDevelopment, GISTravel, Education, Media, and Greetings etc. It specializes in Content development services, Website development services; PHP Programming Development etc. It has its office in Mumbai, Kolkata and Delhi. 7) Sanver E-solutions: This company is based in Mumbai. They believe that Information Technology is a way to the business objectives. It is a IT consulting and Solutions Provider which offers personalized and personal business solutions using Information and Communication Technology. ) Planet Asia: This E-commerce company in India uses track record and deep experience in externalized applications to produce high quality B2SPEC(Business to Partner, Supplier, Customer) solutions to global enterprises. 9) Candid Web Technology- This fast growing E Commerce Company in India is a provider of Complete of e-commerce in India A. Information directories: The products and services are listed with appropriate sub-headings to make it easy for a serious information-seeker to find what he wants. Allied services provided by them: Message boards, chat rooms, forums, etc. B. Banks: 1) Net banking/phone banking: This is an online banking facility available for savings account holders as well as current account holders. Some of the special Net banking services are: Demat accounts for sale/purchase of stocks and shares, Foreign Exchange services, Direct/Instant payment of bills on the account-holder’s behalf, Financial Planning advice, Electronic Funds Transfer, Loans to account-holders. 2) Credit/Debit Cards- Banks facilitate E-commerce by providing the most vital trade instrument, namely the Credit or Debit Card, without which E-commerce would be impossible. . List of Top E-Commerce Companies of India 1) ASA Systel Communications Pvt Ltd: It is a leading E-commerce company in India which provides innovative and superb quality web services which encompasses the building of e-commerce related websites and portals. The company also uses the latest payment modes and security. The company has its offices Web Solutions for the design and development of dynamic web sites . The clients of the e-commerce company spans from the small scale companies to corporate organizations. 0) Trisoft Design: Trisoft Systems is a software services company that offers solutions exclusively on the Microsoft Platform to customers worldwide. 10 years of experience on the Microsoft Platform puts the company at the forefront of . Net Technology. We invite you to explore our website and we look forward to helping your business unleash its potential. The young population find online transactions much easier 8. Bottom of Form Barriers to Ecommerce in India Some of the infrastructural barriers responsible for slow growth of eCommerce in India are as follows. Some of these even present new business opportunities. A. Payment Collection: When get paid by net banking one has to end up giving a significant share of revenue (4% or more) even with a business of thin margin. This effectively means y parting away with almost half of profits. Fraudulent charges, charge backs etc. all become merchant’s responsibility and hence to be accounted for in the business model. B. Logistics: You have to deliver the product, safe and secure, in the hands of the right guy in right time frame. Regular post doesn’t offer an acceptable service level; couriers have high charges and limited reach. Initially, you might have to take insurance for high value shipped articles increasing the cost. C. Vendor Management: However advanced system may be, vendor will have to come down and deal in an inefficient system for inventory management. This will slow down drastically. Most of them won’t carry any digital data for their products. No nice looking photographs, no digital data sheet, no mechanism to check for daily prices, availability to keep your site updated. D. Taxation: Octroi, entry tax, VAT and lots of state specific forms which accompany them. This can be confusing at times with lots of exceptions and special rules. E. Limited Internet access among customers and SMEs F. Poor telecom connectivity and infrastructure for reliable 7. Benefits of E-Commerce to Businesses There is a growing awareness among the business community in India about the opportunities offered by eCommerce. Ease of Internet access and navigation are the critical factors that will result in rapid adoption of Net commerce. Safe and secure payment modes are crucial too along with the need to invent and popularize innovations such as Mobile Commerce. India Reports provides accurate and easy to understand India specific reports that capture trends, map business landscapes and custom-made reports for specific needs. The other reports available on India Reports are on retail, outsourcing, tourism, food and other emerging sectors in India. Easy reach to a fast growing online community Unlimited shelf place for products and services Fuse the global geographical and time zone boundaries Helps reach national and global markets at low operating costs. Research studies have indicated several factors responsible for the sudden spurt in growth of ECommerce in India such as: Rapidly increasing Internet user base Technology advancements such as VOIP (Voiceover-IP) have bridged the gap between buyers and sellers online The emergence of blogs as an avenue for information dissemination and two-way communication for online retailers and eCommerce vendors Improved fraud prevention technologies that offer a safe and secure business environment and help prevent credit card frauds, identity thefts and phishing Bigger web presence of SME’s and Corporate because of lower marketing and infrastructure costs. G. Multiple gaps in the current legal and regulatory framework H. Multiple issues of trust and lack of payment gateways: privacy of personal and business data connected over the Internet not assured; security and confidentiality of data not in place. 9. Future of E-Commerce in India Today, we are talking about e-commerce progress level of India, the seventh-largest by geographical area, the second-most populous country, and the most populous democracy in the world. Indian eCommerce space percentage is getting higher as more and more online retailers enter the market. Although this level of entry in the e-commerce market is good from a long term perspective, the challenge is that most entrepreneurs don’t have the resources or capital to wait for years before they can get profits. The past 2 years have seen a rise in the number of companies embracing e-commerce technologies and the Internet in India. Most e-commerce sites have been targeted towards the NRIs with Gift delivery services, books, Audio and videocassettes e. t. c. Major Indian portal sites have also shifted towards e-commerce instead of depending on advertising revenue. The web communities built around these portal sites with content have been effectively targeted to sell everything from event and movie tickets the grocery and computers. This is not to say that the e-commerce scenario has been bad in India as highly successful e-business like baba bazaar and India mart have proved. Indian Banks too have been very successful in adapting EC and EDI Technologies to provide customers with real time account status, transfer of funds between current and checking accounts, stop payment facilities. ICICI Bank, Global TRUST BANK AND UTI-Bank also have put their electronic banking over the internet facilities in place for the up coming e-commerce market speed post also plain to clone the federal express story with online package status at any moment in time . The future does look very bright for e-commerce in India with even the stock exchanges coming online providing a online stock portfolio and status with a fifteen minute delay in prices. The day cannot be far when with RBI regulations will able to see stock transfer and sale over the Net with specialized services. to 5 years, India will have 30 to 70 million Internet users which will equal, if not surpass, many of the developed countries. Internet economy will then become more meaningful in India. With the rapid expansion of internet, ecommerce, is set to play a very important role in the 21st century, the new opportunities that will be thrown open, will be accessible to both large corporations and small companies. The role of government is to provide a legal framework for E Commerce so that while domestic and international trade are allowed to expand their horizons, basic rights such as privacy, intellectual property, prevention of fraud, consumer protection etc are all taken care of. REFERENCES [1] Sinha (April 2009), â€Å"Ecommerce in India – The Real Challenges† [2] Chaudhury, Abijit; Jean-Pierre Kuilboer (2002). EBusiness and e-Commerce Infrastructure. McGraw-Hill. [3] Frieden, Jonathan D. ; Roche, Sean Patrick (2006), ECommerce: Legal Issues of the Online Retailer in Virginia, Richmond Journal of Law Technology,13 (2). [4] Miller, Roger (2002), â€Å"The Legal and E-Commerce Environment Today†, Thomson Learning, pp. 741 pages. [5] Turban E, Lee J King D and Chung H M (1999),† Electronic Commerce: A Managerial Perspective†, Prentice Hall [6] Ubois, Jeff (1995), â€Å"Wheels of Commerce- an Interview with commerce†, pp 62-69 [7] Megna, Michelle (2008); â€Å"E-Commerce Trends for 2008 and 2009†. [8] Rastogi, Rajiv; â€Å"Country’s report on E Commerce Initiatives†. 10. Conclusion A developing country can become industrialized and modernized if it can extensively apply IT to enhance productivity and international competitiveness, develop ecommerce and e-governance applications. An information-based society or knowledge based society is composed of IT products, IT applications in society and economy as a whole. Many countries in Asia are taking advantage of e-commerce through opening of economies, which is essential for promoting competition and diffusion of Internet technologies. Large enough to have a critical mass of 10 to 20 million users to be able to make an impact on e-commerce and e-governance. In the next 3